2025 USDA vegetable crop report: Record yields, lower prices and mixed markets

In 2025, the USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) forecasts record-setting U.S. average yields for potatoes, California processing tomatoes and dry edible beans (excluding chickpeas), according to the USDA Vegetables and Pulses Outlook Report for December 2025.

The report also shows high yields partially offset year-over-year declines in planted acreage for all three commodities:

• The 2025 U.S. average potato yield forecast is 461 hundredweight per acre with year-over-year yield increases in 8 of the 13 NASS-surveyed States.
• Dry edible bean U.S. average yield is 2,203 pounds per acre, up 6% from 2024. Top dry bean-producing States Michigan, North Dakota, and Nebraska are projected to set record State-level yields in 2025.
• California processing tomato yield forecast (contract only) is 55 tons per acre in 2025 — a 10% increase from 2024 and 13% higher than the previous 5-year average.

Weather impacts

Fall 2025 was wet in the west but dry in the southeast. In California, ample rain filled aquifers and reservoirs, helping resolve mild drought conditions in many vegetable producing areas. In the southeastern United States, extreme weather did not damage crops, orchards or greenhouses. But fewer storms mean less precipitation, and the worst drought conditions since 2011 have developed in parts of Florida, particularly in the north of the State.

Fresh vegetables

In 2025, the fresh market vegetable sector experienced a mixed year, with notable decreases in grower prices for key crops like lettuce, onions, tomatoes, broccoli, cauliflower and celery because of more favorable growing conditions in comparison to 2024. Although some reported prices increased in October 2025, year-to-date average comparisons through October continued to reflect lower prices than in 2024.

Processing vegetables

Processing tomatoes make up most of the processing vegetables grown in the United States by volume. In 2025, record yields for processing tomatoes in California are expected to largely offset declines in contracted acreage.

Potatoes

The 2025 U.S. potato production forecast is 412.1 million hundredweight (cwt), down 2% from last year. The 2025 U.S. average yield forecast is the highest on record (461 cwt per acre) and partially offsets a 3.5% decline in harvested acreage. Despite the smaller crop, fresh potato grower prices in the first 2 months of the potato marketing year (September– October) were lower than a year ago.

Mushrooms

In the 2024/25 crop year (July–June), the value of all mushrooms (Agaricus and specialty) was $1.1 billion, up 1% ($11.3 million) from 2023/24.

Total mushroom sales volume rose 2% to 669.9 million pounds, reflecting an increase in brown Agaricus and Shiitake mushroom production. Organic mushrooms represented approximately 8% of mushroom sales volume. The preliminary 2024/25 per capita availability for all mushroom products (including truffles) is 3.5 pounds per person, a 5% increase from 2023/24.

Pulse crops

Production in 2025 for dry pea, lentil and chickpea is forecasted to increase by 23%, 22% and 32% respectively, supported by higher yields. In contrast, dry bean production declined 4% in 2025 despite record-high yields averaging 2,203 pounds per acre, as acreage reductions outweighed yield gains. Grower prices across pulse crops are trending lower in the 2025/26 marketing year-to-date from the previous year.

You can view the full USDA 2025 Vegetables and Pulses Outlook: December 2025 report below: